Tic Tac Toe 🎮 with Python tkinter - 2부

이 자습서는 시리즈의 일부입니다. 아직 확인하지 않은 경우 를 확인하십시오.
이 튜토리얼에서는 Tic-Tac-Toe 게임에 기능을 추가합니다: 플레이어 대 컴퓨터 👀

Tic-Tac-Toe의 논리 🎮

계속해서 컴퓨터가 이 게임에서 움직임을 결정하는 함수를 만들어 봅시다.

def auto_play():

코드를 완성하기 전에 로직 🤔을 살펴보겠습니다.

1. 컴퓨터나 플레이어가 다음 수에서 게임을 이길 수 있는 경우

컴퓨터가 다음 이동에서 게임을 이길 수 있을 때 이동을 완료해야 합니다. 다음 이동에서 플레이어가 게임에서 이길 수 있다면 최선의 선택은 그것을 방지하는 것입니다. Python에서 다음과 같이 구현할 수 있습니다.

# If winning of computer is possible on the next move, go ahead and win the game
for winning_possibility in winning_possibilities:
    winning_possibility.check('O')  # Check how many conditions for winning of computer are satisfied
    if winning_possibility.p1_satisfied and winning_possibility.p2_satisfied:  # If condition 1 and 2 are satisfied, satisfy condition 3
        for point in XO_points:
            if point.x == winning_possibility.x3 and point.y == winning_possibility.y3 and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find the point that needs to be occupied to satisfy condtion 3 and make sure that it is not already occupied
                point.set()  # Occupy point
                return  # End the function
     elif winning_possibility.p2_satisfied and winning_possibility.p3_satisfied:  # If condition 2 and 3 are satisfied, satisfy condition 1
        for point in XO_points:
            if point.x == winning_possibility.x1 and point.y == winning_possibility.y1 and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find the point that needs to be occupied to satisfy condition 1 and make sure that it is not already occupied
                point.set()  # Occupy point
                return  # End the function
     elif winning_possibility.p3_satisfied and winning_possibility.p1_satisfied:  # If condition 1 and 3 are satisfied, satisfy condition 2
        for point in XO_points:
            if point.x == winning_possibility.x2 and point.y == winning_possibility.y2 and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find the point that needs to be occupied to satisfy condition 2 and make sure that it is not already occupied
                point.set()  # Occupy point
                return  # End the function

# If the player might win on the next move, prevent it
for winning_possibility in winning_possibilities:  
    winning_possibility.check('X')  # Check how many conditions for winning of player are satisfied
    if winning_possibility.p1_satisfied and winning_possibility.p2_satisfied:  # If condition 1 and 2 are satisfied, prevent condition 3 from being satisfied
        for point in XO_points:
            if point.x == winning_possibility.x3 and point.y == winning_possibility.y3 and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find the point and make sure that it is not already occupied
                point.set()  # Occupy point
                return  # End function
    elif winning_possibility.p2_satisfied and winning_possibility.p3_satisfied:  # If condition 2 and 3 are satisfied, prevent condition 1 from being satisfied
        for point in XO_points:
            if point.x == winning_possibility.x1 and point.y == winning_possibility.y1 and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find the point and make sure that it is not already occupied
                point.set()  # Occupy point
                return  # End function
    elif winning_possibility.p3_satisfied and winning_possibility.p1_satisfied:  # If condition 1 and 3 are satisfied, prevent condition 2 from being satisfied
        for point in XO_points:
            if point.x == winning_possibility.x2 and point.y == winning_possibility.y2 and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find the point and make sure that it is not already occupied
                point.set()  # Occupy point
                return  # End function

"WinningPossibility" 클래스의 "check" 기능에 대한 일부 변경 사항

게임에서 이기기 위해 현재 얼마나 많은 조건이 충족되었는지 확인하려면 함수 외부에서 변수 p1_satisfied , p2_satisfied 및 p3_satisfied에 액세스할 수 있도록 해야 합니다. 따라서 이름을 각각 self.p1_satisfied , self.p2_satisfied 및 self.p3_satisfied로 바꾸겠습니다. 함수의 새 코드는 다음과 같습니다.

def check(self, for_chr):  
    self.p1_satisfied = False  
    self.p2_satisfied = False  
    self.p3_satisfied = False  
    if for_chr == 'X':  
        for point in X_points:  
            if point.x == self.x1 and point.y == self.y1:  
                self.p1_satisfied = True  
    elif point.x == self.x2 and point.y == self.y2:  
                self.p2_satisfied = True  
    elif point.x == self.x3 and point.y == self.y3:  
                self.p3_satisfied = True  
    elif for_chr == 'O':  
        for point in O_points:  
            if point.x == self.x1 and point.y == self.y1:  
                self.p1_satisfied = True  
    elif point.x == self.x2 and point.y == self.y2:  
                self.p2_satisfied = True  
    elif point.x == self.x3 and point.y == self.y3:  
                self.p3_satisfied = True  
    return all([self.p1_satisfied, self.p2_satisfied, self.p3_satisfied])

2. 센터가 현재 점유되지 않은 경우

현재 점유되지 않은 센터를 점유하는 것이 좋습니다. Python에서 다음과 같이 구현할 수 있습니다.

center_occupied = False
for point in X_points + O_points:  # Check if center is already occupied
    if point.x == 2 and point.y == 2:
        center_occupied = True
        break
 if not center_occupied:  # If center is not occupied
    for point in XO_points:
        if point.x == 2 and point.y == 2:
            point.set()  # Occupy center
            return  # End the function

3. 센터가 이미 점유되어 현재 당첨 가능성이 없는 경우

이 경우 꼭지점이나 중간 지점을 점유해야 합니다. 플레이어가 2개 미만의 코너를 점유한 경우 "O"는 나머지 코너를 점유해야 합니다. 2개 이상의 코너가 플레이어에 의해 점유된 경우 대신 중간 지점을 점유하는 것이 더 안전합니다. 이것은 Python에서 다음과 같이 구현할 수 있습니다.

corner_points = [(1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 1), (3, 3)]
middle_points = [(1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)]
num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X = 0
for point in X_points:  # Iterate over all points occupied by the player
    if (point.x, point.y) in corner_points:
        num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X += 1
if num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X >= 2:  # If two or more corner points are occupied by the player
    for point in XO_points:
        if (point.x, point.y) in middle_points and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find a middle point and make sure that it is not already occupied
            point.set()  # Occupy the point
            return  # End the function
elif num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X < 2:  # If less than two corner points are occupied by the player
    for point in XO_points:
        if (point.x, point.y) in corner_points and point not in X_points + O_points:  # Find a corner point and make sure that it is not already occupied
            point.set()  # Occupy the point
            return  # End the function

모든 코드를 결합하여 auto_play 함수를 작성해 보겠습니다.

def auto_play():  

    # If winning is possible in the next move  
    for winning_possibility in winning_possibilities:  
        winning_possibility.check('O')  
        if winning_possibility.p1_satisfied and winning_possibility.p2_satisfied:  
            for point in XO_points:  
                if point.x == winning_possibility.x3 and point.y == winning_possibility.y3 and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                    point.set()  
                    return  
        elif winning_possibility.p2_satisfied and winning_possibility.p3_satisfied:  
            for point in XO_points:  
                if point.x == winning_possibility.x1 and point.y == winning_possibility.y1 and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                    point.set()  
                    return  
        elif winning_possibility.p3_satisfied and winning_possibility.p1_satisfied:  
            for point in XO_points:  
                if point.x == winning_possibility.x2 and point.y == winning_possibility.y2 and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                    point.set()  
                    return  

    # If the opponent can win in the next move  
    for winning_possibility in winning_possibilities:  
        winning_possibility.check('X')  
        if winning_possibility.p1_satisfied and winning_possibility.p2_satisfied:  
            for point in XO_points:  
                if point.x == winning_possibility.x3 and point.y == winning_possibility.y3 and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                    point.set()  
                    return  
        elif winning_possibility.p2_satisfied and winning_possibility.p3_satisfied:  
            for point in XO_points:  
                if point.x == winning_possibility.x1 and point.y == winning_possibility.y1 and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                    point.set()  
                    return  
        elif winning_possibility.p3_satisfied and winning_possibility.p1_satisfied:  
            for point in XO_points:  
                if point.x == winning_possibility.x2 and point.y == winning_possibility.y2 and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                    point.set()  
                    return  

    # If the center is free...  
    center_occupied = False  
    for point in X_points + O_points:  
        if point.x == 2 and point.y == 2:  
            center_occupied = True  
            break
     if not center_occupied:  
        for point in XO_points:  
            if point.x == 2 and point.y == 2:  
                point.set()  
                return  

    # Occupy corner or middle based on what opponent occupies  
    corner_points = [(1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 1), (3, 3)]  
    middle_points = [(1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)]  
    num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X = 0  
    for point in X_points:
        if (point.x, point.y) in corner_points:  
            num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X += 1  
    if num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X >= 2:  
        for point in XO_points:  
            if (point.x, point.y) in middle_points and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                point.set()  
                return  
    elif num_of_corner_points_occupied_by_X < 2:  
        for point in XO_points:  
            if (point.x, point.y) in corner_points and point not in X_points + O_points:  
                point.set()  
                return

컴퓨터와 플레이 또는 사람과 플레이를 전환하는 버튼 만들기

상대방을 인간 또는 컴퓨터로 전환할 수 있는 버튼을 만들고 토글 버튼 텍스트 및 명령을 변경하는 콜백을 만들어 봅시다.

play_with = "Computer"
def play_with_human():
    global play_with
    play_with = "Human"  # switch opponent to human
    play_with_button['text'] = "Play with computer"  # switch text
    play_with_button['command'] = play_with_computer  # switch command so that the user can play with the computer again, if required
    play_again()  # restart game
def play_with_computer():
    global play_with
    play_with = "Computer"  # switch opponent to computer
    play_with_button['text'] = "Play with human"  # switch text
    play_with_button['command'] = play_with_human  # switch command so that the user can play with a human again, if required
    play_again()  # restart game
play_with_button = tk.Button(root, text='Play with human', font=('Ariel', 15), command=play_with_human)
play_with_button.pack()

우리는 O의 차례가 될 때마다 auto_play 함수를 호출해야 하고 play_with의 값은 "Computer" 입니다. 이를 위해 클래스 set의 함수XOPoint에 다음 코드를 추가합니다.

if play_with == "Computer" and status_label['text'] == "O's turn":
    auto_play()

결과

이 기사가 유용하다고 생각되면 좋아요 ⭐를 누르고 저를 팔로우하여 모든 최신 콘텐츠를 받아보세요.

GitHub 리포지토리의 전체 코드: https://github.com/Jothin-kumar/tic-tac-toe/