Java 포장 및 해체 상세 및 실례 코드

Java 포장 및 분리 상세 정보
선언:
포장과 해체의 개념을 이해하려면 자바 데이터 형식을 이해해야 한다
포장: 기본 유형을 상응하는 인용 유형으로 포장하여 대상의 성질을 가지게 한다.int는 Integer, float는 Float로 포장
컨테이너 분리: 컨테이너와 반대로 인용 유형의 대상을 값 유형의 데이터로 간소화

Integer a = 100;           ( static Integer valueOf(int i))
int   b = new Integer(100);  
다음 코드 보기
m1

public class DataType {
 
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    DataType dt = new DataType();
    dt.m11();
    dt.m12();
     
  }
 
  public void m11() {
    Integer a = new Integer(100);
    Integer b = 100;
    System.out.println("m11 result " + (a == b));
  }
 
  public void m12() {
    Integer a = new Integer(128);
    Integer b = 128;
    System.out.println("m12 result " + (a == b));
  }
 
   
}
인쇄 결과는 무엇입니까?

m11 result false
m12 result false
"=="는 주소를 비교하는데 a와 b 두 대상의 주소가 다르기 때문에 모두false이다
javap를 통해 바이트 코드를 분석하면 내용은 다음과 같다.

public void m11();
 Code:
  0:  new   #44; //class java/lang/Integer
  3:  dup
  4:  bipush 100
  6:  invokespecial  #46; //Method java/lang/Integer."<init>":(I)V
  9:  astore_1
  10: bipush 100
  12: invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  15: astore_2
  16: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  19: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  22: dup
  23: ldc   #61; //String m11 result
  25: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  28: aload_1
  29: aload_2
  30: if_acmpne    37
  33: iconst_1
  34: goto  38
  37: iconst_0
  38: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  41: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  44: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  47: return
 
public void m12();
 Code:
  0:  new   #44; //class java/lang/Integer
  3:  dup
  4:  sipush 128
  7:  invokespecial  #46; //Method java/lang/Integer."<init>":(I)V
  10: astore_1
  11: sipush 128
  14: invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  17: astore_2
  18: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  21: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  24: dup
  25: ldc   #82; //String m12 result
  27: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  30: aload_1
  31: aload_2
  32: if_acmpne    39
  35: iconst_1
  36: goto  40
  39: iconst_0
  40: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  43: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  46: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  49: return
</init></init></init></init>
 
m2

public class DataType {
 
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    DataType dt = new DataType();
    dt.m21();
    dt.m22();
  }
 
  public void m21() {
    Integer a = new Integer(100);
    Integer b = new Integer(100);
    System.out.println("m21 result " + (a == b));
  }
 
  public void m22() {
    Integer a = new Integer(128);
    Integer b = new Integer(128);
    System.out.println("m22 result " + (a == b));
  }
 
   
}

인쇄 결과는 다음과 같습니다.

m21 result false
m22 result false
a와 b는 여전히 두 대상이다
javap 분석 내용

public void m21();
 Code:
  0:  new   #44; //class java/lang/Integer
  3:  dup
  4:  bipush 100
  6:  invokespecial  #46; //Method java/lang/Integer."<init>":(I)V
  9:  astore_1
  10: new   #44; //class java/lang/Integer
  13: dup
  14: bipush 100
  16: invokespecial  #46; //Method java/lang/Integer."<init>":(I)V
  19: astore_2
  20: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  23: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  26: dup
  27: ldc   #84; //String m21 result
  29: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  32: aload_1
  33: aload_2
  34: if_acmpne    41
  37: iconst_1
  38: goto  42
  41: iconst_0
  42: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  45: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  48: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  51: return

public void m22();
 Code:
  0:  new   #44; //class java/lang/Integer
  3:  dup
  4:  sipush 128
  7:  invokespecial  #46; //Method java/lang/Integer."<init>":(I)V
  10: astore_1
  11: new   #44; //class java/lang/Integer
  14: dup
  15: sipush 128
  18: invokespecial  #46; //Method java/lang/Integer."<init>":(I)V
  21: astore_2
  22: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  25: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  28: dup
  29: ldc   #86; //String m22 result
  31: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  34: aload_1
  35: aload_2
  36: if_acmpne    43
  39: iconst_1
  40: goto  44
  43: iconst_0
  44: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  47: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  50: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  53: return

m3

public class DataType {
 
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    DataType dt = new DataType();
    dt.m31();
    dt.m32();
  }
 
  public void m31() {
    Integer a = 100;
    Integer b = 100;
    System.out.println("m31 result " + (a == b));
  }
 
  public void m32() {
    Integer a = 128;
    Integer b = 128;
    System.out.println("m32 result " + (a == b));
  }
 
 
}
인쇄 결과

m31 result true
m32 result false
왜 첫 번째는true이고, 두 번째는false입니까?javap 해석 데이터 관찰
javap 분석 내용

public void m31();
 Code:
  0:  bipush 100
  2:  invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  5:  astore_1
  6:  bipush 100
  8:  invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  11: astore_2
  12: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  15: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  18: dup
  19: ldc   #88; //String m31 result
  21: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  24: aload_1
  25: aload_2
  26: if_acmpne    33
  29: iconst_1
  30: goto  34
  33: iconst_0
  34: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  37: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  40: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  43: return

public void m32();
 Code:
  0:  sipush 128
  3:  invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  6:  astore_1
  7:  sipush 128
  10: invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  13: astore_2
  14: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  17: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  20: dup
  21: ldc   #90; //String m32 result
  23: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  26: aload_1
  27: aload_2
  28: if_acmpne    35
  31: iconst_1
  32: goto  36
  35: iconst_0
  36: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  39: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  42: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  45: return

m4

public class DataType {
 
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    DataType dt = new DataType();
    dt.m41();
    dt.m42();
  }
 
 
  public void m41() {
    Integer a = Integer.valueOf(100);
    Integer b = 100;
    System.out.println("m41 result " + (a == b));
  }
   
  public void m42() {
    Integer a = Integer.valueOf(128);
    Integer b = 128;
    System.out.println("m42 result " + (a == b));
  }
}
인쇄 결과

m41 result true
m42 result false
javap 분석 내용

public void m41();
 Code:
  0:  bipush 100
  2:  invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  5:  astore_1
  6:  bipush 100
  8:  invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  11: astore_2
  12: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  15: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  18: dup
  19: ldc   #92; //String m41 result
  21: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  24: aload_1
  25: aload_2
  26: if_acmpne    33
  29: iconst_1
  30: goto  34
  33: iconst_0
  34: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  37: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  40: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  43: return

public void m42();
 Code:
  0:  sipush 128
  3:  invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  6:  astore_1
  7:  sipush 128
  10: invokestatic  #49; //Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/In
teger;
  13: astore_2
  14: getstatic    #53; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  17: new   #59; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
  20: dup
  21: ldc   #94; //String m42 result
  23: invokespecial  #63; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/la
ng/String;)V
  26: aload_1
  27: aload_2
  28: if_acmpne    35
  31: iconst_1
  32: goto  36
  35: iconst_0
  36: invokevirtual  #66; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/la
ng/StringBuilder;
  39: invokevirtual  #70; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/l
ang/String;
  42: invokevirtual  #74; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/St
ring;)V
  45: return

}

분석
javap은 Java가 자체적으로 가지고 있는 도구로 역컴파일할 수도 있고 Java 컴파일러가 생성한 바이트 코드를 볼 수도 있습니다(위 코드는 javap-c DataType만 사용됨). 코드를 분석하는 좋은 도구입니다. 구체적으로 어떻게 사용하는지 Google에 알려주세요.
먼저 m4를 보십시오. 왜 실행 결과에'true'가 나타났습니까? true는 a, b가 같은 대상임을 설명합니다. 
하지만 a 객체는 Integer를 호출하는 것입니다.valueOf () 생성, b는 자동 포장을 통해 생성된 대상인데 왜 같은 대상일까요?자바 프로그램은 가상 컴퓨터에서 바이트 코드를 실행하는 데 의존하기 때문에 바이트 코드를 다시 한 번 봅시다.
m41 이 방법은 valueOf () 를 한 번만 적용했지만 바이트 코드에 두 번 나타났습니다. 자동 포장할 때도valueOf () 를 호출했다는 뜻입니다.
다음은 valueOf() 구현

/**
 * Returns a <tt>Integer</tt> instance representing the specified
 * <tt>int</tt> value.
 * If a new <tt>Integer</tt> instance is not required, this method
 * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
 * {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely to yield
 * significantly better space and time performance by caching
 * frequently requested values.
 *
 * @param i an <code>int</code> value.
 * @return a <tt>Integer</tt> instance representing <tt>i</tt>.
 * @since 1.5
 */
public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
final int offset = 128;
if (i >= -128 && i <= 127) { // must cache 
  return IntegerCache.cache[i + offset];
}
  return new Integer(i);
}
[-128127] 사이의 숫자는valueOf가 캐시에 있는 대상을 되돌려주기 때문에 두 번 호출해서 되돌려주는 것은 같은 대상이다.
읽어주셔서 감사합니다. 여러분에게 도움이 되었으면 좋겠습니다. 본 사이트에 대한 지지에 감사드립니다!

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