선택문 | if와 else if의 차이점

선택문

if 문 if~else 문

if (a>=0)
cout << "positive";
if (a<0)
cout << "negative";

if 문

if(expression)
{(body) 
statement1
} 

if (a>=0)
cout << "positive";

    int a,b,c;

  cin >> a >> b >> c;

  int max = a > b ? a : b;

    if (max > c)
      cout << max << endl;

    if (team == '10')
    cout << "Lions" << endl;
not
    if (team = '10')
        // result team is 10

If-else 문

if(expression)
{(body) 
statement1
} 
else
{(body) 
statement2
}  

    if (son%2 == 0)
    cout << "even" << endl;
    else 
    cout << "odd" << endl;

if (a>=0)
   if (x%2 ==0)
   cout << "positive even number" << endl;
   else 
   cout << "positive odd number" << endl;

else-if 문

    if (a>='A' && a<='Z')
    cout << "Upper-case" << endl;
        else if (a>='a' && a<= 'z')
        cout << "Lower-case" << endl;
            else if (a>='0' && a<='9')
            cout << "Number" << endl;
                else 
                cout << "Others" << endl;