Vue 3가지 팁/트릭

19041 단어 vue
  • VNode hooks
  • Debugging hooks
  • Expose slots from a child component
  • Scoped styles and multi-root nodes don't work well together
  • Be careful when using CSS selectors
  • Boolean casting
  • Template refs with v-for - order is not guaranteed

  • VNode 후크

    On each component or HTML tags, we can use some special (undocumented) hooks as event listeners. The hooks are:

    • onVnodeBeforeMount
    • onVnodeMounted
    • onVnodeBeforeUpdate
    • onVnodeUpdated
    • onVnodeBeforeUnmount
    • onVnodeUnmounted

    I mainly use onVnodeMounted on components when I need to execute some code when the component is mounted or onVnodeUpdated to debug when something is updated but I am quite sure all of them can come in handy in some cases.

    Example:

    <script setup>
        import { ref } from 'vue'
    
        const count = ref(0)
    
        function onMyComponentMounted() {}
    
        function divThatDisplaysCountWasUpdated() {}
    </script>
    
    <template>
        <MyComponent @vnodeMounted="onMyComponentMounted" />
        <div @vnodeUpdated="divThatDisplaysCountWasUpdated">{{ count }}</div>
    </template>
    

    It should be noted, that these hooks pass some arguments to the callback function. They pass only one argument which is the current VNode except for onVnodeBeforeUpdate and onVnodeUpdated that pass two arguments, the current VNode and the previous VNode.

    디버깅 후크

    We all know the lifecycle hooks that Vue provides us. But did you know that Vue 3 gives us two hooks that we can use for debugging purposes? They are:

  • onRenderTracked
  • onRenderTriggered
  • onRenderTracked는 추적된 모든 반응 종속성에 대해 호출됩니다.

    <script setup>
    import { ref, onRenderTracked } from 'vue'
    
    const count = ref(0)
    const count2 = ref(0)
    
    // It will be called twice, once for count and once for count2
    onRenderTracked((event) => {
        console.log(event)
    })
    </script>
    

    onRenderTriggered는 반응성 업데이트를 트리거할 때 호출되거나 문서에서 "반응성 종속성이 구성 요소의 렌더링 효과를 다시 실행하도록 트리거할 때"라고 말합니다.

    <script setup>
    import { ref, onRenderTriggered } from 'vue'
    
    const count = ref(0)
    
    // It will be called when we update count
    onRenderTriggered((event) => {
        debugger
    })
    </script>
    


    자식 구성 요소에서 슬롯 노출

    If you use a third-party component, chances are that you wrap the implementation of it in your own "wrapper" component. This is a good practice and scalable solution, but in that way, the slots of that third-party component are getting lost and we should find a way to expose them to the parent component:

    WrapperComponent.vue

    <template>
      <div class="wrapper-of-third-party-component">
        <ThirdPartyComponent v-bind="$attrs">
    
            <!-- Expose the slots of the third-party component -->
            <template v-for="(_, name) in $slots" #[name]="slotData">
                <slot :name="name" v-bind="slotData || {}"></slot>
            </template>
    
        </ThirdPartyComponent>
      </div>
    </template>
    

    Now every component that uses WrapperComponent can use the slots of ThirdPartyComponent 🎉.

    범위가 지정된 스타일과 다중 루트 노드는 함께 잘 작동하지 않습니다.

    In Vue 3 we can finally have more than "one root node" components. That is great, but personally I fall into a design limitation when doing that. Imagine we have a child component:

    <template>
      <p class="my-p">First p</p>
      <p class="my-p">Second p</p>
    </template>
    

    And a parent component:

    <template>
        <h1>My awesome component</h1>
        <MyChildComponent />
    </template>
    
    <style scoped>
    // There is no way to style the p tags of MyChildComponent
    .my-p { color: red; }
    :deep(.my-p) { color: red; }
    </style>
    

    There is no way from the scoped styling of the multi root parent component to style the child component's p tags.

    So in short, a multi-root component, can't target multi-root child component's styles with scoped styles.

    The best way to fix that, would be to wrap the parent or child component (or both) so we have only one root element.

    But if you absolutely need both to have multi-root nodes, you can:

    • Use a non-scoped style
    <style>
    .my-p { color: red; }
    </style>
    
    • Use CSS Modules
    <template>
        <h1>My awesome component</h1>
        <MyChildComponent :class="$style.trick" />
    </template>
    
    <style module>
    .trick {
        color: red;
    }
    </style>
    

    Since we are specifying a class here, then the multi-root child component has to explicitly specify the attribute fallthrough behavior.

    If you want my opinion, unless you absolutely need a multi-root node component, go with a single root node and don't deal with this design limitation at all.

    CSS 선택자를 사용할 때 주의하십시오

    #main-nav > li {} will be many times slower compared to .my-li { color: red } . From the docs:

    Due to the way browsers render various CSS selectors, p { color: red } will be many times slower when scoped (i.e. when combined with an attribute selector). If you use classes or ids instead, such as in .example { color: red }, then you virtually eliminate that performance hit.

    I highly recommend you to read Efficiently Rendering CSS 이 주제에 대해 더 자세히 알고 싶다면

    부울 캐스팅

    In Vue 2 or early versions of Vue 3, for props with Boolean types we had different behavior depending on the order:

    1st case:

    props: {
      hoverColor: [String, Boolean] // <- defaults to ''
    }
    

    2nd case:

    props: {
      hoverColor: [Boolean, String] // <- defaults to false
    }
    

    Not only that, but if you pass the prop like this:

    <my-component hover-color></my-component>
    

    In the first case, it would be an empty string '' . In the second case, it would be true .

    As you can see, this was a bit confusing and inconsistent. Fortunately, in Vue 3, we have a new behavior that is consistent and predictable:

    Boolean behavior will apply regardless of type appearance order.

    So:

    hoverColor: [String, Boolean] // <- defaults to false
    hoverColor: [Boolean, String] // <- defaults to false
    hoverColor: [Boolean, Number] // <- defaults to false
    

    v-for가 포함된 템플릿 참조 - 순서가 보장되지 않음

    remember this one so you don't lose hours of debugging trying to figure out what is going on

    In the code below:

    <script setup>
    import { ref } from "vue";
    
    const list = ref([1, 2, 3]);
    const itemRefs = ref([]);
    </script>
    
    <template>
      <ul>
        <li v-for="item in list" ref="itemRefs" :key="item">
          {{ item }}
        </li>
      </ul>
    </template>
    

    we are looping over the list array, and we create the itemRefs array.

    itemRefs is not guaranteed to have the same order as list array.

    If you want to find out more about this, you can read this issue .

    기사 종료



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