pycharm 과 pylint 를 사용 하여 python 코드 규범 작업 을 검사 합 니 다.

pylint 는 좋 은 코드 정적 검사 도구 입 니 다.이 를 pycharm 에 설정 하여 수시로 코드 를 분석 하여 모든 코드 가 pep 8 규범 에 부합 하도록 확보 하여 좋 은 습관 을 기 르 고 앞으로 무한 한 사용 을 받 을 수 있 도록 합 니 다.
첫 번 째,pylint 설정

-프로그램:python 설치 디 렉 터 리 아래 scripts/pylint.exe
- arguments: --output-format=parseable --disable=R -rn --msg-template="{abspath}:{line}: [{msg_id}({symbol}), {obj}] {msg}" $FilePath$
- working firectory: $FileDir$
두 번 째 단계,pylint 사용

세 번 째,출력 보기

보충 지식:pylint pycharm 사용 및 pylint 설정
pylint 는 python 코드 스타일 검사 도구 로 서 PEP 8 스타일 에 가 깝 습 니 다.이 방법 을 사용 하 는 과정 에서 코드 를 더욱 규범화 시 키 고 우아 하 게 할 뿐만 아니 라 숨겨 진 bug 도 발견 할 수 있 습 니 다.
pylint 가 Pycharm 에서 의 2 가지 설치 방식;
첫 번 째 효과 전시(장점:오류 점 을 클릭 하여 파일 위치 로 자동 으로 찾 아 시간 절약):

설치 절 차 는:https://github.com/leinardi/pylint-pycharm에 있 습 니 다.
나의 설정 은 다음 과 같다.
사용 방법:단일 파일 검사:어떤 파일 내용 을 클릭 하고 녹색 으로 시작 하 는 화살표를 클릭 하면 됩 니 다.
또한 전체 항목 을 검사 할 수 있 고 변 경 된 파일 만 검사 할 수 있 습 니 다.
두 번 째 설치 사용 효과 표시(단점:오류 파일 위 치 를 수 동 으로 찾 아야 합 니 다.시간 이 걸 립 니 다):

설치 절차:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38134086/how-to-run-pylint-with-pycharm

주의 점:
사용 방법:파일 이나 폴 더 를 우 클릭 하여 External Tools=>Pylint 를 선택 하면 됩 니 다.
2 가지 설치 방식 요약:
a.pycharm 의 pylint 검 측 을 통 해 검 측 파일 을 무시 하 는 기능 이 실 효 됩 니 다.이 기능 은 명령 행 을 통 해 사용 할 수 있 습 니 다.
b.시간 과 힘 을 절약 하기 때문에 첫 번 째 방식 으로 설치 하고 사용 하 는 것 을 권장 합 니 다.
pylint 폴 더 의 올 바른 설정 및 사용 동작 무시:

시범 항목 구 조 는 그림 과 같 습 니 다.(app 과 venv 폴 더 를 검사 하 는 모든 파일 을 무시 합 니 다)

설정 파일 에 있 는[MASTER]ignore 의 app,venv 또는 명령 행 에 다음 과 같 습 니 다:pylint--ignore app,venv procjectname 이면 됩 니 다.(여러 개의 무시 사이 에 쉼표 로 구분 하 는 것 을 주의 하 십시오.)
명령 행(pycharm 도구 가 아 닌)을 통 해 스 크 립 트 를 실행 하면 됩 니 다.명령 은 pylint--rcfile=D:\python 3.6\\pylintconf\pylint.conf project_name
pylint 에서 일부 기능 을 사용 하지 않 는 방법:
설정 파일 의[MESSAGES CONTROL]disable 에 사용 하지 않 으 려 는 기능 추가 하기;
예 를 들 어 다음 과 같이 잘못 보고 합 니 다.

disable 끝 에 missing-docstring 을 추가 하면 됩 니 다.
pylint 는 줄 단계 의 코드 에서 일부 기능 을 사용 하지 않 습 니 다.(즉,모든 코드 에 대해 검 사 를 사용 하지 않 고 특정한 줄 코드 에 대해 서 만 검 사 를 사용 하지 않 습 니 다)
튜 토리 얼 주소:https://pylint.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/message-control.html
실례:
한 줄 코드 뒤에 주석 을 추가 하면 한 줄 만 검사 하 는 것 을 무시 합 니 다.

한 파일 의 단독 줄 에서 사용 하면 이 줄 아래 는 무 시 됩 니 다.
pylint 설정:
주의 점:pylint 의 기본 설정 은 실제 개발 수 요 를 만족 시 키 지 못 하고 스스로 조정 해 야 합 니 다.다음 코드 는 자체 적 으로 조정 한 결과 입 니 다.

[MASTER]

# A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may
# be loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may
# run arbitrary code.
extension-pkg-whitelist=

# Add files or directories to the blacklist. They should be base names, not
# paths.             （ pycharm   pylint         ，         :pylint --ignore weixin,lib project_name）
ignore=app,venv,install_file,libs

# Add files or directories matching the regex patterns to the blacklist. The
# regex matches against base names, not paths.
ignore-patterns=

# Python code to execute, usually for sys.path manipulation such as
# pygtk.require().
#init-hook=

# Use multiple processes to speed up Pylint. Specifying 0 will auto-detect the
# number of processors available to use.
jobs=1

# Control the amount of potential inferred values when inferring a single
# object. This can help the performance when dealing with large functions or
# complex, nested conditions.
limit-inference-results=100

# List of plugins (as comma separated values of python modules names) to load,
# usually to register additional checkers.
load-plugins=

# Pickle collected data for later comparisons.
persistent=no

# Specify a configuration file.
#rcfile=

# When enabled, pylint would attempt to guess common misconfiguration and emit
# user-friendly hints instead of false-positive error messages.
suggestion-mode=yes

# Allow loading of arbitrary C extensions. Extensions are imported into the
# active Python interpreter and may run arbitrary code.
unsafe-load-any-extension=no

[MESSAGES CONTROL]

# Only show warnings with the listed confidence levels. Leave empty to show
# all. Valid levels: HIGH, INFERENCE, INFERENCE_FAILURE, UNDEFINED.
confidence=

# Disable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You
# can either give multiple identifiers separated by comma (,) or put this
# option multiple times (only on the command line, not in the configuration
# file where it should appear only once). You can also use "--disable=all" to
# disable everything first and then reenable specific checks. For example, if
# you want to run only the similarities checker, you can use "--disable=all
# --enable=similarities". If you want to run only the classes checker, but have
# no Warning level messages displayed, use "--disable=all --enable=classes
# --disable=W".   pylint          ： Missing class docstring (missing-docstring)           missing-docstring     
disable=print-statement,
  parameter-unpacking,
  unpacking-in-except,
  old-raise-syntax,
  backtick,
  long-suffix,
  old-ne-operator,
  old-octal-literal,
  import-star-module-level,
  non-ascii-bytes-literal,
  raw-checker-failed,
  bad-inline-option,
  locally-disabled,
  file-ignored,
  suppressed-message,
  useless-suppression,
  deprecated-pragma,
  use-symbolic-message-instead,
  apply-builtin,
  basestring-builtin,
  buffer-builtin,
  cmp-builtin,
  coerce-builtin,
  execfile-builtin,
  file-builtin,
  long-builtin,
  raw_input-builtin,
  reduce-builtin,
  standarderror-builtin,
  unicode-builtin,
  xrange-builtin,
  coerce-method,
  delslice-method,
  getslice-method,
  setslice-method,
  no-absolute-import,
  old-division,
  dict-iter-method,
  dict-view-method,
  next-method-called,
  metaclass-assignment,
  indexing-exception,
  raising-string,
  reload-builtin,
  oct-method,
  hex-method,
  nonzero-method,
  cmp-method,
  input-builtin,
  round-builtin,
  intern-builtin,
  unichr-builtin,
  map-builtin-not-iterating,
  zip-builtin-not-iterating,
  range-builtin-not-iterating,
  filter-builtin-not-iterating,
  using-cmp-argument,
  eq-without-hash,
  div-method,
  idiv-method,
  rdiv-method,
  exception-message-attribute,
  invalid-str-codec,
  sys-max-int,
  bad-python3-import,
  deprecated-string-function,
  deprecated-str-translate-call,
  deprecated-itertools-function,
  deprecated-types-field,
  next-method-defined,
  dict-items-not-iterating,
  dict-keys-not-iterating,
  dict-values-not-iterating,
  deprecated-operator-function,
  deprecated-urllib-function,
  xreadlines-attribute,
  deprecated-sys-function,
  exception-escape,
  comprehension-escape,
  wrong-import-position, #          ,       
  logging-not-lazy, #          
  missing-docstring,
  unnecessary-pass, #              pass   
  redefined-builtin, #        python              ，  python next()  ，        next
  no-self-use, #                
  too-few-public-methods, #                 
  no-else-return, #    if  return,else    return    
  no-else-raise, #    if  raise,else    raise    



# Enable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You can
# either give multiple identifier separated by comma (,) or put this option
# multiple time (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where
# it should appear only once). See also the "--disable" option for examples.
enable=c-extension-no-member

[REPORTS]

# Python expression which should return a note less than 10 (10 is the highest
# note). You have access to the variables errors warning, statement which
# respectively contain the number of errors / warnings messages and the total
# number of statements analyzed. This is used by the global evaluation report
# (RP0004).
evaluation=10.0 - ((float(5 * error + warning + refactor + convention) / statement) * 10)

# Template used to display messages. This is a python new-style format string
# used to format the message information. See doc for all details.
#msg-template=

# Set the output format. Available formats are text, parseable, colorized, json
# and msvs (visual studio). You can also give a reporter class, e.g.
# mypackage.mymodule.MyReporterClass.
output-format=colorized

# Tells whether to display a full report or only the messages.
reports=yes

# Activate the evaluation score.
score=yes

[REFACTORING]

# Maximum number of nested blocks for function / method body;            
max-nested-blocks=5

# Complete name of functions that never returns. When checking for
# inconsistent-return-statements if a never returning function is called then
# it will be considered as an explicit return statement and no message will be
# printed.
never-returning-functions=sys.exit

[BASIC]
#     
# Naming style matching correct argument names.       
argument-naming-style=snake_case

# Regular expression matching correct argument names. Overrides argument-
# naming-style.        
argument-rgx=([^A-Z]+$)

# Naming style matching correct attribute names.      
attr-naming-style=snake_case

# Regular expression matching correct attribute names. Overrides attr-naming-
# style.       
attr-rgx=([^A-Z]+$)

# Bad variable names which should always be refused, separated by a comma.              ，     
bad-names=foo,
   bar,
   baz,
   toto,
   tutu,
   tata

# Naming style matching correct class attribute names.       
class-attribute-naming-style=any

# Regular expression matching correct class attribute names. Overrides class-
# attribute-naming-style.
#class-attribute-rgx=

# Naming style matching correct class names.     
class-naming-style=PascalCase

# Regular expression matching correct class names. Overrides class-naming-
# style.
#class-rgx=

# Naming style matching correct constant names.      
const-naming-style=any

# Regular expression matching correct constant names. Overrides const-naming-
# style.
#const-rgx=

# Minimum line length for functions/classes that require docstrings, shorter
# ones are exempt.                
docstring-min-length=-1

# Naming style matching correct function names.       
function-naming-style=snake_case

# Regular expression matching correct function names. Overrides function-
# naming-style.
#function-rgx=

# Good variable names which should always be accepted, separated by a comma.          ，     
good-names=i,
   j,
   k,
   ex,
   Run,
   _

# Include a hint for the correct naming format with invalid-name.
include-naming-hint=no

# Naming style matching correct inline iteration names.
inlinevar-naming-style=any

# Regular expression matching correct inline iteration names. Overrides
# inlinevar-naming-style.
#inlinevar-rgx=

# Naming style matching correct method names.
method-naming-style=snake_case

# Regular expression matching correct method names. Overrides method-naming-
# style.
#method-rgx=

# Naming style matching correct module names.
module-naming-style=snake_case

# Regular expression matching correct module names. Overrides module-naming-
# style.
#module-rgx=

# Colon-delimited sets of names that determine each other's naming style when
# the name regexes allow several styles.
name-group=

# Regular expression which should only match function or class names that do
# not require a docstring.                     ；         _           
no-docstring-rgx=^_

# List of decorators that produce properties, such as abc.abstractproperty. Add
# to this list to register other decorators that produce valid properties.
# These decorators are taken in consideration only for invalid-name.    
property-classes=abc.abstractproperty

# Naming style matching correct variable names.       
variable-naming-style=snake_case

# Regular expression matching correct variable names. Overrides variable-
# naming-style.                      ：       
variable-rgx=([^A-Z]+$)

[FORMAT]
#      
# Expected format of line ending, e.g. empty (   ), LF(  ) or CRLF(     ).         ;
expected-line-ending-format=

# Regexp for a line that is allowed to be longer than the limit.                  ；   ：   http https  
ignore-long-lines=^\s*(# )?<?https?://\S+>?$

# Number of spaces of indent required inside a hanging or continued line.     
indent-after-paren=4

# String used as indentation unit. This is usually " " (4 spaces) or "\t" (1
# tab).      
indent-string=' '

# Maximum number of characters on a single line.        
max-line-length=125

# Maximum number of lines in a module.         
max-module-lines=1000

# List of optional constructs for which whitespace checking is disabled. `dict-
# separator` is used to allow tabulation in dicts, etc.: {1 : 1,
222: 2}.
# `trailing-comma` allows a space between comma and closing bracket: (a, ).
# `empty-line` allows space-only lines.        
no-space-check=trailing-comma,
    dict-separator

# Allow the body of a class to be on the same line as the declaration if body
# contains single statement.              
single-line-class-stmt=no

# Allow the body of an if to be on the same line as the test if there is no
# else.    
single-line-if-stmt=no

[LOGGING]

# Format style used to check logging format string. `old` means using %
# formatting, while `new` is for `{}` formatting.        old:'%s' % ('    '); new: '{}'.format('    ')
#           new   ，     disable      logging-format-interpolation
logging-format-style=new

# Logging modules to check that the string format arguments are in logging
# function parameter format.
logging-modules=logging

[MISCELLANEOUS]

# List of note tags to take in consideration, separated by a comma.      
notes=FIXME,
  XXX,
  TODO

[SIMILARITIES]
#    
# Ignore comments when computing similarities.
ignore-comments=yes

# Ignore docstrings when computing similarities.
ignore-docstrings=yes

# Ignore imports when computing similarities.
ignore-imports=no

# Minimum lines number of a similarity.
min-similarity-lines=4

[SPELLING]

# Limits count of emitted suggestions for spelling mistakes.   
max-spelling-suggestions=4

# Spelling dictionary name. Available dictionaries: none. To make it working
# install python-enchant package..       
spelling-dict=

# List of comma separated words that should not be checked.       
spelling-ignore-words=

# A path to a file that contains private dictionary; one word per line.
spelling-private-dict-file=

# Tells whether to store unknown words to indicated private dictionary in
# --spelling-private-dict-file option instead of raising a message.
spelling-store-unknown-words=no

[STRING]

# This flag controls whether the implicit-str-concat-in-sequence should
# generate a warning on implicit string concatenation in sequences defined over
# several lines.   
check-str-concat-over-line-jumps=no

[TYPECHECK]

# List of decorators that produce context managers, such as
# contextlib.contextmanager. Add to this list to register other decorators that
# produce valid context managers.
contextmanager-decorators=contextlib.contextmanager

# List of members which are set dynamically and missed by pylint inference
# system, and so shouldn't trigger E1101 when accessed. Python regular
# expressions are accepted.
generated-members=

# Tells whether missing members accessed in mixin class should be ignored. A
# mixin class is detected if its name ends with "mixin" (case insensitive).
ignore-mixin-members=yes

# Tells whether to warn about missing members when the owner of the attribute
# is inferred to be None.
ignore-none=yes

# This flag controls whether pylint should warn about no-member and similar
# checks whenever an opaque object is returned when inferring. The inference
# can return multiple potential results while evaluating a Python object, but
# some branches might not be evaluated, which results in partial inference. In
# that case, it might be useful to still emit no-member and other checks for
# the rest of the inferred objects.
ignore-on-opaque-inference=yes

# List of class names for which member attributes should not be checked (useful
# for classes with dynamically set attributes). This supports the use of
# qualified names.
ignored-classes=optparse.Values,thread._local,_thread._local

# List of module names for which member attributes should not be checked
# (useful for modules/projects where namespaces are manipulated during runtime
# and thus existing member attributes cannot be deduced by static analysis. It
# supports qualified module names, as well as Unix pattern matching.
ignored-modules=

# Show a hint with possible names when a member name was not found. The aspect
# of finding the hint is based on edit distance.
missing-member-hint=yes

# The minimum edit distance a name should have in order to be considered a
# similar match for a missing member name.
missing-member-hint-distance=1

# The total number of similar names that should be taken in consideration when
# showing a hint for a missing member.
missing-member-max-choices=1

[VARIABLES]

# List of additional names supposed to be defined in builtins. Remember that
# you should avoid defining new builtins when possible.
additional-builtins=

# Tells whether unused global variables should be treated as a violation.
allow-global-unused-variables=yes

# List of strings which can identify a callback function by name. A callback
# name must start or end with one of those strings.
callbacks=cb_,
   _cb

# A regular expression matching the name of dummy variables (i.e. expected to
# not be used).
dummy-variables-rgx=_+$|(_[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?$)|dummy|^ignored_|^unused_

# Argument names that match this expression will be ignored. Default to name
# with leading underscore.
ignored-argument-names=_.*|^ignored_|^unused_

# Tells whether we should check for unused import in __init__ files.  __init__               
init-import=no

# List of qualified module names which can have objects that can redefine
# builtins.
redefining-builtins-modules=six.moves,past.builtins,future.builtins,builtins,io

[CLASSES]

# List of method names used to declare (i.e. assign) instance attributes.
defining-attr-methods=__init__,
      __new__,
      setUp

# List of member names, which should be excluded from the protected access
# warning.
exclude-protected=_asdict,
     _fields,
     _replace,
     _source,
     _make

# List of valid names for the first argument in a class method.
valid-classmethod-first-arg=cls

# List of valid names for the first argument in a metaclass class method.
valid-metaclass-classmethod-first-arg=cls

[DESIGN]

# Maximum number of arguments for function / method.              
max-args=8

# Maximum number of attributes for a class (see R0902).          
max-attributes=15

# Maximum number of boolean expressions in an if statement.if             
max-bool-expr=5

# Maximum number of branch for function / method body.              （if else   ）
max-branches=15

# Maximum number of locals for function / method body.         
max-locals=30

# Maximum number of parents for a class (see R0901).        
max-parents=7

# Maximum number of public methods for a class (see R0904).        
max-public-methods=50

# Maximum number of return / yield for function / method body.      return  
max-returns=10

# Maximum number of statements in function / method body.
max-statements=100

# Minimum number of public methods for a class (see R0903).
min-public-methods=2

[IMPORTS]

# Allow wildcard imports from modules that define __all__.
allow-wildcard-with-all=no

# Analyse import fallback blocks. This can be used to support both Python 2 and
# 3 compatible code, which means that the block might have code that exists
# only in one or another interpreter, leading to false positives when analysed.
analyse-fallback-blocks=no

# Deprecated modules which should not be used, separated by a comma.          
deprecated-modules=optparse,tkinter.tix

# Create a graph of external dependencies in the given file (report RP0402 must
# not be disabled).
ext-import-graph=

# Create a graph of every (i.e. internal and external) dependencies in the
# given file (report RP0402 must not be disabled).
import-graph=

# Create a graph of internal dependencies in the given file (report RP0402 must
# not be disabled).
int-import-graph=

# Force import order to recognize a module as part of the standard
# compatibility libraries.
known-standard-library=

# Force import order to recognize a module as part of a third party library.
known-third-party=enchant


[EXCEPTIONS]

# Exceptions that will emit a warning when being caught. Defaults to
# "BaseException, Exception".         Exception,BaseException       ，       Exception(             )
overgeneral-exceptions=BaseException,


#     
#      http://pylint.pycqa.org/en/latest/technical_reference/features.html
# inconsistent-return-statements      if  return else   resturn

이상 의 이 편 은 pycharm 과 pylint 를 사용 하여 python 코드 규범 작업 을 검사 하 는 것 이 바로 작은 편집 이 여러분 에 게 공유 하 는 모든 내용 입 니 다.참고 하 시기 바 랍 니 다.여러분 들 도 저 희 를 많이 응원 해 주 셨 으 면 좋 겠 습 니 다.