STM32의 GPIO

1. GPIO 소개

- GPIOx_MODER   :     
- GPIOx_OTYPER  ：    
- GPIOx_OSPEEDR ：    
- GPIOx_PUPDR   ：    

- GPIOx_IDR  :        
- GPIOx_ODR  ：       

- GPIOx_BSRR

- GPIOx_LCKR

- GPIOx_AFRH :  32 
- GPIOx_AFRL ： 32 

2. 주요 전기 특성

3. 입력 설정

4. 출력 구성

5. 특수 기능 설정

6. GPIO 작업의 인스턴스인 LED 램프의 작업(PF9 PF10)

//      
#define PERIPH_BASE ((uint32_t)0x40000000) /*!< Peripheral base address in the alias region

//        
#define APB1PERIPH_BASE PERIPH_BASE
#define APB2PERIPH_BASE (PERIPH_BASE + 0x00010000)
#define AHB1PERIPH_BASE (PERIPH_BASE + 0x00020000)
#define AHB2PERIPH_BASE (PERIPH_BASE + 0x10000000)

//AHB1    
/*!< AHB1 peripherals */
#define GPIOA_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x0000)
#define GPIOB_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x0400)
#define GPIOC_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x0800)
#define GPIOD_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x0C00)
#define GPIOE_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x1000)
#define GPIOF_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x1400)
#define GPIOG_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x1800)
#define GPIOH_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x1C00)
#define GPIOI_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x2000)
#define GPIOJ_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x2400)
#define GPIOK_BASE (AHB1PERIPH_BASE + 0x2800)

실례: 간단한 gpio 초기화

void gpio_init(GPIOx_SELECT gpiox, GPIOx_pn_SELECT gpiox_pn, \
               GPIO_PULL_TYPE pull, GPIO_IO_TYPE io, GPIO_STATUS_TYPE stat, GPIO_OUTPUT_TYPE otype)
{
    GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx;

    /* Get the GPIOx's GPIO_TypeDef struct */
    GPIOx = BYM_GET_GPIO_struct(gpiox);

    RCC->AHB1ENR  |= (1 << gpiox);  //Enable the clock of GPIOx

    /* Set the io type of GPIOx's pn */
    GPIOx->MODER  &= ~(3 << (gpiox_pn * 2));       //Clear the old register data
    GPIOx->MODER  |= (io << (gpiox_pn * 2));        //Set the mode of GPIOx's pn

    /* Set the io ouput type of GPIOx's pn */
    GPIOx->OTYPER &= ~(1 << gpiox_pn);             //Clear the old register data
    GPIOx->OTYPER |= (otype << gpiox_pn);           //Set the output type of GPIOx's pn

    /* Pull down or pull up or nothing for GPIOx's pn */
    GPIOx->PUPDR  &= ~(3 << (gpiox_pn * 2));       //Clear the old register data
    GPIOx->PUPDR  |= (pull << (gpiox_pn * 2));

    /* Only set the pin status when the 'io' value is 'BYM_GPO' */
    if(io == BYM_GPO)
    {
        GPIOx->ODR  &= ~(1 << gpiox_pn);
        GPIOx->ODR  |= (stat << gpiox_pn);
    }   
}

예: 입출력 포트 상태 가져오기

/* * Get GPIO pin status */
uint32_t gpio_get(GPIOx_SELECT gpiox, GPIOx_pn_SELECT gpiox_pn)
{
    GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx;

    /* Get the GPIOx's GPIO_TypeDef struct */
    GPIOx = BYM_GET_GPIO_struct(gpiox);

    return ((GPIOx->IDR) & (1 << gpiox_pn));
}

//       
/* GPIO        */
typedef enum
{
    BYM_GPIOA, BYM_GPIOB, BYM_GPIOC, BYM_GPIOD,
    BYM_GPIOE, BYM_GPIOF, BYM_GPIOG, BYM_GPIOH,
    BYM_GPIOI, BYM_GPIOJ, BYM_GPIOK,
}GPIOx_SELECT;

/* GPIO         */
typedef enum
{
    BYM_Px0,    BYM_Px1,    BYM_Px2,    BYM_Px3,    BYM_Px4,    BYM_Px5,    BYM_Px6,    BYM_Px7,
    BYM_Px8,    BYM_Px9,    BYM_Px10,   BYM_Px11,   BYM_Px12,   BYM_Px13,   BYM_Px14,   BYM_Px15,
}GPIOx_pn_SELECT;

/*         */
typedef enum
{
    BYM_NO_PULL,
    BYM_PULL_UP,
    BYM_PULL_DOWN,
}GPIO_PULL_TYPE;

/*        */
typedef enum
{
    BYM_PUSH_PULL,
    BYM_OPEN_DRAIN,
}GPIO_OUTPUT_TYPE;

/* IO         */
typedef enum
{
    BYM_GPI,    BYM_GPO,
    BYM_GPALT,  BYM_GPANA,
}GPIO_IO_TYPE;

/*                    */
typedef enum
{
    BYM_LOW_LEVEL,
    BYM_HIGH_LEVEL,
}GPIO_STATUS_TYPE;

/* Get the GPIO's GPIO_TypeDef struct */
#define BYM_GET_GPIO_struct(gpiox) \
    ((GPIO_TypeDef *)(AHB1PERIPH_BASE + (gpiox * 0x400)))

7. GPIO 포트의 다양한 추가 주변 장치 기능

AF0     system
AF1     TIM1/TIM2
AF2     TIM3~TIM5
AF3     TIM8~TIM11
AF4     I2C1~I2C3
AF5     SPI1~SPI2
AF6     SPI3
AF7     USART1~USART3
AF8     USART4~USART6
AF9     CAN1/CAN2,TIM12~TIM14
AF10    OTG_FS,OTG_HS
AF11    ETH
AF12    FSMC,SDIO,OTG_HS(1)
AF13    DCMI
AF14    
AF15    EVENTOUT

8. 발 잠금 장치

WR LCKR[16] = ‘1’ + LCKR[15:0]
WR LCKR[16] = ‘0’ + LCKR[15:0]
WR LCKR[16] = ‘1’ + LCKR[15:0]
/*              */
RD LCKR
RD LCKR[16] = ‘1’ 
/*          gpio            */

9. 하나의 GPIO 포트 초기화 과정

10. 51 시리즈 8비트 단편기 IO 포트와 주요 차이