디렉토리 구성

.
├── docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
│   ├── 1-mongo-init.js
│   ├── 2-mongo-init.sh
│   └── staffs.json
└── docker-compose.yml

각 파일의 내용

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.3'

services:
  mongo:
    image: mongo
    container_name: mongo
    restart: always
    environment:
      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: mongo
      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: mongo
      MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE: mongo_example
      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
    ports:
      - 27018:27017
    volumes:
      - ./docker-entrypoint-initdb.d:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/1-mongo-init.js

var user = {
  user: "mongo",
  pwd: "mongo",
  roles: [
    {
      role: "dbOwner",
      db: "mongo_example"
    }
  ]
};

db.createUser(user);
db.createCollection('staffs');

docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/2-mongo-init.sh

mongoimport -u mongo -p mongo --db mongo_example --collection staffs --file /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/staffs.json --jsonArray

docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/staffs.json

[
    {
        "id" : 1,
        "name" : "佐藤"
    },
    {
        "id" : 2,
        "name" : "鈴木"
    },
    {
        "id" : 3,
        "name" : "田中"
    }
]

실행

$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "mongodb_default" with the default driver
Creating mongo ... done

GUI 클라이언트로 확인

1. MongoDB Compass 다운로드

2. 연결

mongodb://mongo:mongo@localhost:27018

3. 결과