PYTHON - 기본 - 날짜 처리 매듭

 ,  datetime ,  ,  ,  

단계:

1.  
2.  
3.  

관련 대상

1. datetime

>>> import datetime >>> now = datetime.datetime.now() >>> now datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 9, 12, 946118) >>> type(now) <type 'datetime.datetime'> 

2. timestamp

>>> import time >>> time.time() 1421075455.568243 

3. time tuple

>>> import time >>> time.localtime() time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=23, tm_min=10, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=12, tm_isdst=0) 

4. string

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") '2015-01-12 23:13:08' 

5. date

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now().date() datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) 

datetime 기본 작업

1. 현재datetime 가져오기

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 26, 24, 475680) 

2. 당일 날짜 가져오기

>>> datetime.date.today() datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) 

3. 내일/전날 수령

내일/내일

>>> datetime.date.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=1) datetime.date(2015, 1, 13) 

사흘 전

>>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 38, 55, 492226) >>> datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=3) datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 9, 23, 38, 57, 59363) 

4. 당일 시작 및 종료 시간 가져오기(00:00:00 23:59:59)

>>> datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), datetime.time.min) datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0) >>> datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), datetime.time.max) datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 59, 59, 999999) 

5. 두 날짜의 시간차 가져오기

>>> (datetime.datetime(2015,1,13,12,0,0) - datetime.datetime.now()).total_seconds() 44747.768075 

6. 금주/이달/지난달 마지막 날 얻기

금주

>>> today = datetime.date.today() >>> today datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) >>> sunday = today + datetime.timedelta(6 - today.weekday()) >>> sunday datetime.date(2015, 1, 18) 

이번 달

>>> import calendar >>> today = datetime.date.today() >>> _, last_day_num = calendar.monthrange(today.year, today.month) >>> last_day = datetime.date(today.year, today.month, last_day_num) >>> last_day datetime.date(2015, 1, 31) 

지난달의 마지막 날 가져오기 (해를 넘길 수도 있음)

>>> import datetime >>> today = datetime.date.today() >>> first = datetime.date(day=1, month=today.month, year=today.year) >>> lastMonth = first - datetime.timedelta(days=1) 

관계 변환

몇 개의 관계 사이의 전환Datetime Object / String / timestamp / time tuple

관계 변환 예

datetime <=> string

datetime -> string

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") '2015-01-12 23:13:08' 

string -> datetime

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.strptime("2014-12-31 18:20:10", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 31, 18, 20, 10) 

datetime <=> timetuple

datetime -> timetuple

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now().timetuple() time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=23, tm_min=17, tm_sec=59, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=12, tm_isdst=-1) 

timetuple -> datetime

timetuple => timestamp => datetime [ datetime<=>timestamp]

datetime <=> date

datetime -> date

>>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now().date() datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) 

date -> datetime

>>> datetime.date.today() datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) >>> today = datetime.date.today() >>> datetime.datetime.combine(today, datetime.time()) datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0) >>> datetime.datetime.combine(today, datetime.time.min) datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0) 

datetime <=> timestamp

datetime -> timestamp

>>> now = datetime.datetime.now() >>> timestamp = time.mktime(now.timetuple()) >>> timestamp 1421077403.0 

timestamp -> datetime

>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(1421077403.0) datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 43, 23)