ORACLE 날짜 시간 함수 대전
62730 단어 Oacle
ORACLE
TO_DATE ( :2007-11-02 13:45:25 )
Year:
yy two digits :07
yyy three digits :007
yyyy four digits :2007
Month:
mm number :11
mon abbreviated :11 , , nov
month spelled out :11 , , november
Day:
dd number :02
ddd number :02
dy abbreviated : , , fri
day spelled out : , , friday
ddspth spelled out, ordinal twelfth
Hour:
hh two digits 12 :01
hh24 two digits 24 :13
Minute:
mi two digits 60 :45
Second:
ss two digits 60 :25
Q digit :4
WW digit :44
W digit :1
24 ： 0:00:00 - 23:59:59....
12 ： 1:00:00 - 12:59:59 ....
1. （to_date,to_char）
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as nowTime from dual; //
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy') as nowYear from dual; //
select to_char(sysdate,'mm') as nowMonth from dual; //
select to_char(sysdate,'dd') as nowDay from dual; //
select to_char(sysdate,'hh24') as nowHour from dual; //
select to_char(sysdate,'mi') as nowMinute from dual; //
select to_char(sysdate,'ss') as nowSecond from dual; //
select to_date('2004-05-07 13:23:44','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual//
2.
select to_char( to_date(222,'J'),'Jsp') from dual
Two Hundred Twenty-Two
3.
select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day') from dual;
select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') from dual;
monday
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE='AMERICAN';
TO_DATE ('2002-08-26', 'YYYY-mm-dd', 'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American')
4.
select floor(sysdate - to_date('20020405','yyyymmdd')) from dual;
5. null
select id, active_date from table1
UNION
select 1, TO_DATE(null) from dual;
TO_DATE(null)
6.
a_date between to_date('20011201','yyyymmdd') and to_date('20011231','yyyymmdd')
12 31 12 12 1 12 。
， ， to_char
7.
ORACLE , : US7ASCII, date : '01-Jan-01'
alter system set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American
alter session set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American
to_date
select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') from dual;
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE， ，
select * from nls_session_parameters
select * from V$NLS_PARAMETERS
8.
select count(*)
from ( select rownum-1 rnum
from all_objects
where rownum <= to_date('2002-02-28','yyyy-mm-dd') - to_date('2002-
02-01','yyyy-mm-dd')+1
)
where to_char( to_date('2002-02-01','yyyy-mm-dd')+rnum-1, 'D' )
not in ( '1', '7' )
2002-02-28 2002-02-01
DBMS_UTILITY.GET_TIME, ( 1/100 , ).
9.
select months_between(to_date('01-31-1999','MM-DD-YYYY'),to_date('12-31-1998','MM-DD-YYYY')) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL;
1
select months_between(to_date('02-01-1999','MM-DD-YYYY'),to_date('12-31-1998','MM-DD-YYYY')) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL;
1.03225806451613
10. Next_day
Next_day(date, day)
Monday-Sunday, for format code DAY
Mon-Sun, for format code DY
1-7, for format code D
11
select to_char(sysdate,'hh:mi:ss') TIME from all_objects
： TIME
create or replace function sys_date return date is
begin
return sysdate;
end;
select to_char(sys_date,'hh:mi:ss') from all_objects;
12.
extract()
SELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM TIMESTAMP '2001-02-16 2:38:40') from offer
SQL> select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,'hh') from dual;
SYSDATE TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH')
-------------------- ---------------------
2003-10-13 19:35:21 07
SQL> select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,'hh24') from dual;
SYSDATE TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24')
-------------------- -----------------------
2003-10-13 19:35:21 19
13.
select older_date,
newer_date,
years,
months,
abs(
trunc(
newer_date-
add_months( older_date,years*12+months )
)
) days
from ( select
trunc(months_between( newer_date, older_date )/12) YEARS,
mod(trunc(months_between( newer_date, older_date )),12 ) MONTHS,
newer_date,
older_date
from (
select hiredate older_date, add_months(hiredate,rownum)+rownum newer_date
from emp
)
)
14.
select to_char(add_months(last_day(sysdate) +1, -2), 'yyyymmdd'),last_day(sysdate) from dual
16.
select add_months(trunc(sysdate,'year'), 12) - trunc(sysdate,'year') from dual
to_char( last_day( to_date('02' | | :year,'mmyyyy') ), 'dd' )
28
17.yyyy rrrr
'YYYY99 TO_C
------- ----
yyyy 99 0099
rrrr 99 1999
yyyy 01 0001
rrrr 01 2001
18.
select to_char( NEW_TIME( sysdate, 'GMT','EST'), 'dd/mm/yyyy hh:mi:ss') ,sysdate
from dual;
19.5
Select TO_DATE(FLOOR(TO_CHAR(sysdate,'SSSSS')/300) * 300,'SSSSS') ,TO_CHAR(sysdate,'SSSSS')
from dual
2002-11-1 9:55:00 35786
SSSSS 5
20.
select TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DDD'),sysdate from dual
310 2002-11-6 10:03:51
21. , , ,
select
Days,
A,
TRUNC(A*24) Hours,
TRUNC(A*24*60 - 60*TRUNC(A*24)) Minutes,
TRUNC(A*24*60*60 - 60*TRUNC(A*24*60)) Seconds,
TRUNC(A*24*60*60*100 - 100*TRUNC(A*24*60*60)) mSeconds
from
(
select
trunc(sysdate) Days,
sysdate - trunc(sysdate) A
from dual
)
select * from tabname
order by decode(mode,'FIFO',1,-1)*to_char(rq,'yyyymmddhh24miss');
//
floor((date2-date1) /365)
floor((date2-date1, 365) /30)
d(mod(date2-date1, 365), 30) .
23.next_day ,day 1-7 - ,1
next_day(sysdate,6) 。 。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
---------------------------------------------------------------
select (sysdate-to_date('2003-12-03 12:55:45','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))*24*60*60 from ddual
ss
24,round[ ](day: )
select sysdate S1,
round(sysdate) S2 ,
round(sysdate,'year') YEAR,
round(sysdate,'month') MONTH ,
round(sysdate,'day') DAY from dual
25,trunc[ , ] ,
select sysdate S1,
trunc(sysdate) S2, // ,
trunc(sysdate,'year') YEAR, // 1 1 ,
trunc(sysdate,'month') MONTH , // 1 ,
trunc(sysdate,'day') DAY // ,
from dual
26,
select greatest('01-1 -04','04-1 -04','10-2 -04') from dual
27.
:oracle , ,
select floor(to_number(sysdate-to_date('2007-11-02 15:55:03','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))/365) as spanYears from dual // -
select ceil(moths_between(sysdate-to_date('2007-11-02 15:55:03','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))) as spanMonths from dual // -
select floor(to_number(sysdate-to_date('2007-11-02 15:55:03','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))) as spanDays from dual // -
select floor(to_number(sysdate-to_date('2007-11-02 15:55:03','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))*24) as spanHours from dual // -
select floor(to_number(sysdate-to_date('2007-11-02 15:55:03','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))*24*60) as spanMinutes from dual // -
select floor(to_number(sysdate-to_date('2007-11-02 15:55:03','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'))*24*60*60) as spanSeconds from dual // -
28.
:oracle , n, ,
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),to_char(sysdate+n*365,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as newTime from dual // -
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),add_months(sysdate,n) as newTime from dual // -
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),to_char(sysdate+n,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as newTime from dual // -
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),to_char(sysdate+n/24,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as newTime from dual // -
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),to_char(sysdate+n/24/60,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as newTime from dual // -
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),to_char(sysdate+n/24/60/60,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as newTime from dual // -
29. ,
SELECT Trunc(Trunc(SYSDATE, 'MONTH') - 1, 'MONTH') First_Day_Last_Month,
Trunc(SYSDATE, 'MONTH') - 1 / 86400 Last_Day_Last_Month,
Trunc(SYSDATE, 'MONTH') First_Day_Cur_Month,
LAST_DAY(Trunc(SYSDATE, 'MONTH')) + 1 - 1 / 86400 Last_Day_Cur_Month
FROM dual;
. ( )
1，
select substr('abcdef',1,3) from dual
2,
select instr('abcfdgfdhd','fd') from dual
3,
select 'HELLO'||'hello world' from dual;
4, 1)
select ltrim(' abc') s1,
rtrim('zhang ') s2,
trim(' zhang ') s3 from dual
2)
select trim(leading 9 from 9998767999) s1,
trim(trailing 9 from 9998767999) s2,
trim(9 from 9998767999) s3 from dual;
5, Ascii
select ascii('a') from dual
6, ascii
select chr(97) from dual
7,
select length('abcdef') from dual
8,initcap（ ） ,lower( ),upper( )
select lower('ABC') s1,
upper('def') s2,
initcap('efg') s3
from dual;
9,Replace
select replace('abc','b','xy') from dual;
10,translate
select translate('abc','b','xx') from dual; -- x 1
11,lpad [ ] rpad [ ]( )
select lpad('func',15,'=') s1, rpad('func',15,'-') s2 from dual;
select lpad(dname,14,'=') from dept;
12, decode[ if ..then ] : ,
select deptno,decode(deptno,10,'1',20,'2',30,'3',' ') from dept;
:
select seed,account_name,decode(seed,111,1000,200,2000,0) from t_userInfo// seed 111, 1000; 200, 2000; 0
select seed,account_name,decode(sign(seed-111),1,'big seed',-1,'little seed','equal seed') from t_userInfo// seed>111, ; 200, ;
13 case[ switch ..case ]
SELECT CASE X-FIELD
WHEN X-FIELD < 40 THEN 'X-FIELD 40'
WHEN X-FIELD < 50 THEN 'X-FIELD 50'
WHEN X-FIELD < 60 THEN 'X-FIELD 60'
ELSE 'UNBEKNOWN'
END
FROM DUAL
:CASE 。 ， Decode 。
.
1， （ceil ,floor ）
select ceil(66.6) N1,floor(66.6) N2 from dual;
2, (power) (sqrt)
select power(3,2) N1,sqrt(9) N2 from dual;
3,
select mod(9,5) from dual;
4, (round: ，trunc: )
select round(66.667,2) N1,trunc(66.667,2) N2 from dual;
5, ( 1, -1)
select sign(-32),sign(293) from dual;
.
1，to_char()[ ]
1) select to_char(sysdate) s1,
to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') s2,
to_char(sysdate,'yyyy') s3,
to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh12:mi:ss') s4,
to_char(sysdate, 'hh24:mi:ss') s5,
to_char(sysdate,'DAY') s6
from dual;
2) select sal,to_char(sal,'＄99999') n1,to_char(sal,'＄99,999') n2 from emp
2, to_date()[ ]
insert into emp(empno,hiredate) values(8000,to_date('2004-10-10','yyyy-mm-dd'));
3, to_number()
select to_number(to_char(sysdate,'hh12')) from dual; //
.
1.user:
select user from dual;
2.vsize:
select vsize('HELLO') from dual;
3.nvl(ex1,ex2):
ex1 ex2, ex1（ ）
： ， 0，
select comm,nvl(comm,0) from emp;
4.nullif(ex1,ex2):
，
： ， ，
select nullif(sal,comm),sal,comm from emp;
5.coalesce:
select comm,sal,coalesce(comm,sal,sal*10) from emp;
6.nvl2(ex1,ex2,ex3) :
ex1 ， ex2, ex3
：
select nvl2(comm,ename,') as HaveCommName,comm from emp;
.
max min avg count sum
1，
1) 30 ， , ， ， ，
select max(ename),max(sal),
min(ename),min(sal),
avg(sal),
count(*) ,count(job),count(distinct(job)) ,
sum(sal) from emp where deptno=30;
2, group by having
1) ， ， ， ，
select deptno, max(ename),max(sal),
min(ename),min(sal),
avg(sal),
count(*) ,count(job),count(distinct(job)) ,
sum(sal) from emp group by deptno;
2) 30 ， ， ， ，
select deptno, max(ename),max(sal),
min(ename),min(sal),
avg(sal),
count(*) ,count(job),count(distinct(job)) ,
sum(sal) from emp group by deptno having deptno=30;
3, stddev
select deptno,stddev(sal) from emp group by deptno;
variance
select deptno,variance(sal) from emp group by deptno;
4, rollup cube Group By
rollup
cube
select deptno,job ,sum(sal) from emp group by deptno,job;
select deptno,job ,sum(sal) from emp group by rollup(deptno,job);
cube
select deptno,job ,sum(sal) from emp group by cube(deptno,job);
、
.
，
create global temporary table temp_dept
(dno number,
dname varchar2(10))
on commit delete rows;
insert into temp_dept values(10,'ABC');
commit;
select * from temp_dept; -- ,
on commit preserve rows: （ ）
on commit delete rows: （ ） 이 내용에 흥미가 있습니까?
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