Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 5


Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 5
This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) (64-bit) on Oracle Linux 5 (64-bit). The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap, secure Linux disabled. Oracle recommend a default server installation, but for these installations the following package groups installed:
  • GNOME Desktop Environment
  • Editors
  • Graphical Internet
  • Text-based Internet
  • Development Libraries
  • Development Tools
  • Server Configuration Tools
  • Administration Tools
  • Base
  • System Tools
  • X Window System

  • An example of this type of Linux installations can be seen here. Alternative installations may require more packages to be loaded, in addition to the ones listed below.
  • Download Software
  • Unpack Files
  • Hosts File
  • Oracle-Validated Setup
  • Manual Setup
  • Additional Setup
  • Installation
  • Post Installation
  • Common Errors

  •  
    Download Software
    Download the following software.
    Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.
  • OTN: Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.1) Software (64-bit)
  • MOS: Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.2 or 11.2.0.3) Software (64-bit)

  •  
    Unpack Files
    Unzip the files.
    
    # 11.2.0.1
    unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
    unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
    
    #11.2.0.2
    unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
    unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
    
    #11.2.0.3
    unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
    unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

    You should now have a single directory called "database" containing installation files.
     
    Hosts File
    The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
    
        

    For example.
    
    127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain  localhost
    192.168.2.181   ol5-11gr2.localdomain  ol5-11gr2

     
    Oracle-Validated Setup
    If you plan to use the "oracle-validated" package to perform all your prerequisite setup, follow the instructions at http://public-yum.oracle.com to setup the yum repository for OL, then perform the following command.
    
    # yum install oracle-validated

    All necessary prerequisites will be performed automatically.
     
    Manual Setup
    If you have not used the "oracle-validated" package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.
    Oracle recommend the following minimum parameter settings.
    
    fs.suid_dumpable = 1
    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
    fs.file-max = 6815744
    kernel.shmall = 2097152
    kernel.shmmax = 536870912
    kernel.shmmni = 4096
    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
    net.core.rmem_default = 262144
    net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
    net.core.wmem_default = 262144
    net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
    

    The current values can be tested using the following command.
    
    /sbin/sysctl -a | grep 

    Add or amend the following lines in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.
    
    fs.suid_dumpable = 1
    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
    fs.file-max = 6815744
    kernel.shmall = 2097152
    kernel.shmmax = 536870912
    kernel.shmmni = 4096
    # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
    net.core.rmem_default=4194304
    net.core.rmem_max=4194304
    net.core.wmem_default=262144
    net.core.wmem_max=1048586

    Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.
    
    /sbin/sysctl -p

    Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.
    
    oracle              soft    nproc   2047
    oracle              hard    nproc   16384
    oracle              soft    nofile  4096
    oracle              hard    nofile  65536
    oracle              soft    stack   10240

    Install the following packages if they are not already present.
    
    # From Oracle Linux 5 DVD
    cd /media/cdrom/Server
    rpm -Uvh binutils-2.*
    rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*
    rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*.i386.rpm
    rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf*
    rpm -Uvh gcc-4.*
    rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.*
    rpm -Uvh glibc-2.*
    rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.*
    rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.*
    rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.*
    rpm -Uvh ksh*
    rpm -Uvh libaio-0.*
    rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.*
    rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.*
    rpm -Uvh libgcc-4.*
    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4.*
    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.*
    rpm -Uvh make-3.*
    rpm -Uvh sysstat-7.*
    rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.*
    rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.*
    rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-*
    cd /
    eject

    Create the new groups and users.
    
    groupadd oinstall
    groupadd dba
    groupadd oper
    groupadd asmadmin
    
    useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin oracle
    passwd oracle

    Note. We are not going to use the "asmadmin" group, since this installation will not use ASM.
     
    Additional Setup
    The following setup tasks must be performed regardless of which setup method you used previously.
    Disable secure linux by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
    
    SELINUX=disabled

    Alternatively, this alteration can be done using the GUI tool (Applications > System Settings > Security Level). Click on the SELinux tab and disable the feature. If SELinux is disabled after installation, the server will need a reboot for the change to take effect.
    If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here or here.
    Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
    
    mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
    chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
    chmod -R 775 /u01

    Login as root and issue the following command.
    
    xhost +

    Login as the oracle user and add the following lines at the end of the ".bash_profile" file, remembering to adjust them for your specific installation.
    
    # Oracle Settings
    TMP=/tmp; export TMP
    TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
    
    ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol5-112.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
    ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
    ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
    ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
    ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID
    PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
    PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
    
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
    CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
    
        

     
    Installation
    Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.
    
    DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY

    Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in the database directory.
    
    ./runInstaller

    Proceed with the installation of your choice. You can see the type of installation I performed by clicking on the links below to see screen shots of each stage.
  • Configure Security Updates
  • Select Install Option
  • System Class
  • Node Selection
  • Select Install Type
  • Typical Install Configuration
  • Create Inventory
  • Perform Prerequisite Checks
  • Summary
  • Install Product
  • Database Configuration Assistant
  • Database Configuration Assistant 2
  • Execute Configuration Scripts
  • Finish

  •  
    Post Installation
    Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
    
    DB11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

     
    Common Errors
  • "error code 35" : The machine name in the "/etc/hosts" file is not correct. It needs an entry for the loopback adapter (localhost) and the machine name. If you are using DNS for name resolution, you still need the loopback adapter reference in this file.
  • "error code 37" : The DNS not working properly. You may also get this error is the "/etc/hosts" file is not configured correctly.
  • "sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.11.1" : The prerequisites have not been met. Work through them again. Specifically, make sure the "gcc" package has been installed.
  • Listener fails to start - Typically this is due to incorrect name resolution. Make sure the "/etc/hosts" and/or DNS is configured correctly.
  • Linking errors - Almost always due to missing prerequisites. Review the setup sections.

  • For more information see:
  • Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux
  • Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux
  • Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) Silent Installations
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