Python&Flask 를 사용 하여 RESTful Web API 의 인 스 턴 스 를 실현 합 니 다.

환경 설치:
sudo pip install flask
Flask 는 Python 의 마이크로 서비스의 프레임 워 크 로 Werkzeug,WSGI 라 이브 러 리 를 기반 으로 합 니 다.
Flask 장점:
Written in Python (that can be an advantage);
Simple to use;
Flexible;
Multiple good deployment options;
RESTful request dispatching
RESOURCES
응답/articles 와/articles/:id 의 API 서비스:

from flask import Flask, url_for
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def api_root():
 return 'Welcome'

@app.route('/articles')
def api_articles():
 return 'List of ' + url_for('api_articles')

@app.route('/articles/<articleid>')
def api_article(articleid):
 return 'You are reading ' + articleid

if __name__ == '__main__':
 app.run()

요청:
curl http://127.0.0.1:5000/
응답:
GET /
Welcome
GET /articles
List of /articles
GET /articles/123
You are reading 123
REQUESTS
GET Parameters

from flask import request

@app.route('/hello')
def api_hello():
 if 'name' in request.args:
  return 'Hello ' + request.args['name']
 else:
  return 'Hello John Doe'

요청:
GET /hello
Hello John Doe
GET /hello?name=Luis
Hello Luis
Request Methods (HTTP Verbs)

@app.route('/echo', methods = ['GET', 'POST', 'PATCH', 'PUT', 'DELETE'])
def api_echo():
 if request.method == 'GET':
  return "ECHO: GET
"

 elif request.method == 'POST':
  return "ECHO: POST
"

 elif request.method == 'PATCH':
  return "ECHO: PACTH
"

 elif request.method == 'PUT':
  return "ECHO: PUT
"

 elif request.method == 'DELETE':
  return "ECHO: DELETE"

요청 지정 request type:
curl -X PATCH http://127.0.0.1:5000/echo
GET /echo
ECHO: GET
POST /ECHO
ECHO: POST
Request Data & Headers

from flask import json

@app.route('/messages', methods = ['POST'])
def api_message():

 if request.headers['Content-Type'] == 'text/plain':
  return "Text Message: " + request.data

 elif request.headers['Content-Type'] == 'application/json':
  return "JSON Message: " + json.dumps(request.json)

 elif request.headers['Content-Type'] == 'application/octet-stream':
  f = open('./binary', 'wb')
  f.write(request.data)
    f.close()
  return "Binary message written!"

 else:
  return "415 Unsupported Media Type ;)"

콘 텐 츠 type 지정 요청:
curl -H "Content-type: application/json" \
-X POST http://127.0.0.1:5000/messages -d '{"message":"Hello Data"}'
curl -H "Content-type: application/octet-stream" \
-X POST http://127.0.0.1:5000/messages --data-binary @message.bin
RESPONSES

from flask import Response

@app.route('/hello', methods = ['GET'])
def api_hello():
 data = {
  'hello' : 'world',
  'number' : 3
 }
 js = json.dumps(data)

 resp = Response(js, status=200, mimetype='application/json')
 resp.headers['Link'] = 'http://luisrei.com'

 return resp

응답 HTTP 헤더 보기:
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello
최적화 코드:
from flask import jsonify
쓰다

resp = jsonify(data)
resp.status_code = 200

바꾸다

resp = Response(js, status=200, mimetype='application/json')

Status Codes & Errors

@app.errorhandler(404)
def not_found(error=None):
 message = {
   'status': 404,
   'message': 'Not Found: ' + request.url,
 }
 resp = jsonify(message)
 resp.status_code = 404

 return resp

@app.route('/users/<userid>', methods = ['GET'])
def api_users(userid):
 users = {'1':'john', '2':'steve', '3':'bill'}
 
 if userid in users:
  return jsonify({userid:users[userid]})
 else:
  return not_found()

요청:
GET /users/2
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
{
"2": "steve"
}
GET /users/4
HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND
{
"status": 404,
"message": "Not Found: http://127.0.0.1:5000/users/4"
}
AUTHORIZATION

from functools import wraps

def check_auth(username, password):
 return username == 'admin' and password == 'secret'

def authenticate():
 message = {'message': "Authenticate."}
 resp = jsonify(message)

 resp.status_code = 401
 resp.headers['WWW-Authenticate'] = 'Basic realm="Example"'

 return resp

def requires_auth(f):
 @wraps(f)
 def decorated(*args, **kwargs):
  auth = request.authorization
  if not auth: 
   return authenticate()

  elif not check_auth(auth.username, auth.password):
   return authenticate()
  return f(*args, **kwargs)

 return decorated

replacing the check_auth function and using the requires_auth decorator:
@app.route('/secrets')
@requires_auth
def api_hello():
return "Shhh this is top secret spy stuff!"
HTTP basic authentication：
curl -v -u "admin:secret" http://127.0.0.1:5000/secrets
SIMPLE DEBUG & LOGGING
Debug:
app.run(debug=True)
Logging：

import logging
file_handler = logging.FileHandler('app.log')
app.logger.addHandler(file_handler)
app.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

@app.route('/hello', methods = ['GET'])
def api_hello():
 app.logger.info('informing')
 app.logger.warning('warning')
 app.logger.error('screaming bloody murder!')
 
 return "check your logs
"

이상 Python&Flask 를 사용 하여 RESTful Web API 를 실현 하 는 인 스 턴 스 는 바로 편집장 이 여러분 에 게 공유 한 모든 내용 입 니 다.참고 가 되 고 저 희 를 많이 사랑 해 주 셨 으 면 좋 겠 습 니 다.