0CTF 2015 Quals CTF VEZEL Writeup

Category: Mobile Points: 100 Solves: 105 Description:
Evermars says he is good at repackaging Android applications, for example.
Write-up
분석 과정은 아래 세 개의 링크를 참고할 수 있다. 프로그램은 간단하다. flag는 두 문자열에 내용을 더해서 계산한다. 그 중 하나인 getcRC는 직접 얻을 수 있고 apk 서명은Main을 사용할 수 있다.class가 실행되고 비교적 둔한 방법은 스스로 apk를 쓰고 Package Manager를 이용하여 서명을 받는 것이다.
Other write-ups and resources

http://capturetheswag.blogspot.com.au/2015/03/0ops-ctf-qualifiers-2015-vezel-mobile.html

http://dakutenpura.hatenablog.com/entry/2015/03/31/002551

http://www.purpleroc.com/MD/0ctf_WriteUp_vezel.html

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.cert.*;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
public class Main {
 
 private static final Object mSync = new Object();
 private static WeakReference mReadBuffer;
 
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  if (args.length < 1) {
   System.out.println("Usage: java -jar GetAndroidSig.jar ");
   System.exit(-1);
  }
 
  System.out.println(args[0]);
 
  String mArchiveSourcePath = args[0];
 
  WeakReference readBufferRef;
  byte[] readBuffer = null;
  synchronized (mSync) {
   readBufferRef = mReadBuffer;
   if (readBufferRef != null) {
    mReadBuffer = null;
    readBuffer = readBufferRef.get();
   }
   if (readBuffer == null) {
    readBuffer = new byte[8192];
    readBufferRef = new WeakReference(readBuffer);
   }
  }
 
  try {
   JarFile jarFile = new JarFile(mArchiveSourcePath);
   java.security.cert.Certificate[] certs = null;
 
   Enumeration entries = jarFile.entries();
   while (entries.hasMoreElements()) {
    JarEntry je = (JarEntry) entries.nextElement();
    if (je.isDirectory()) {
     continue;
    }
    if (je.getName().startsWith("META-INF/")) {
     continue;
    }
    java.security.cert.Certificate[] localCerts = loadCertificates(jarFile, je, readBuffer);
    if (false) {
     System.out.println("File " + mArchiveSourcePath + " entry " + je.getName()
         + ": certs=" + certs + " ("
         + (certs != null ? certs.length : 0) + ")");
    }
    if (localCerts == null) {
     System.err.println("Package has no certificates at entry "
         + je.getName() + "; ignoring!");
     jarFile.close();
     return;
    } else if (certs == null) {
     certs = localCerts;
    } else {
     // Ensure all certificates match.
     for (int i = 0; i < certs.length; i++) {
      boolean found = false;
      for (int j = 0; j < localCerts.length; j++) {
       if (certs[i] != null
           && certs[i].equals(localCerts[j])) {
        found = true;
        break;
       }
      }
      if (!found || certs.length != localCerts.length) {
       System.err.println("Package has mismatched certificates at entry "
           + je.getName() + "; ignoring!");
       jarFile.close();
       return; // false
      }
     }
    }
   }
 
   jarFile.close();
 
   synchronized (mSync) {
    mReadBuffer = readBufferRef;
   }
 
   if (certs != null && certs.length > 0) {
    final int N = certs.length;
     
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
     String charSig = new String(toChars(certs[i].getEncoded()));
     System.out.println("Cert#: " + i + "  Type:" + certs[i].getType()
      + "
Public key: " + certs[i].getPublicKey()
      + "
Hash code: " + certs[i].hashCode()
       + " / 0x" + Integer.toHexString(certs[i].hashCode())
      + "
To char: " + charSig);
    }
   } else {
    System.err.println("Package has no certificates; ignoring!");
    return;
   }
  } catch (CertificateEncodingException ex) {
   Logger.getLogger(Main.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
  } catch (IOException e) {
   System.err.println("Exception reading " + mArchiveSourcePath + "
" + e);
   return;
  } catch (RuntimeException e) {
   System.err.println("Exception reading " + mArchiveSourcePath + "
" + e);
   return;
  }
 }
 
 private static char[] toChars(byte[] mSignature) {
    byte[] sig = mSignature;
    final int N = sig.length;
    final int N2 = N*2;
    char[] text = new char[N2];
 
    for (int j=0; j>4)&0xf;
      text[j*2] = (char)(d >= 10 ? ('a' + d - 10) : ('0' + d));
      d = v&0xf;
      text[j*2+1] = (char)(d >= 10 ? ('a' + d - 10) : ('0' + d));
    }
 
    return text;
    }
 
 private static java.security.cert.Certificate[] loadCertificates(JarFile jarFile, JarEntry je, byte[] readBuffer) {
  try {
   // We must read the stream for the JarEntry to retrieve
   // its certificates.
   InputStream is = jarFile.getInputStream(je);
   while (is.read(readBuffer, 0, readBuffer.length) != -1) {
    // not using
   }
   is.close();
 
   return (java.security.cert.Certificate[]) (je != null ? je.getCertificates() : null);
  } catch (IOException e) {
   System.err.println("Exception reading " + je.getName() + " in "
       + jarFile.getName() + ": " + e);
  }
  return null;
 }
}